See drzeć in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "darty jedwab"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "krupy darte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "odrzeć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "podrzeć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "przedrzeć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "rozdrzeć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "rozdzierać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "udrzeć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "wydrzeć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "wydzirać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "wzdzirać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "zedrzeć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "zdzirać"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "drzeć"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "drzeć"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*derH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/der-"
],
[
"*derˀtéi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/derˀtéi"
],
[
"*dertì",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/derti"
],
[
"*dertì",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/derti"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*dertì",
"etydate": "1394",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *derH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *derˀtéi\nProto-Slavic *dertì\nOld Polish drzeć\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*derˀtéi\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*dertì\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"drzeć\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"drzeć\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *dertì. First attested in 1394.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *derH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *derˀtéi\nProto-Slavic *dertì\nOld Polish drzeć\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *dertì. First attested in 1394.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "drzeć impf",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"english": "to tear hops",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "drzeć chmiel",
"translation": "to tear hops",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"english": "to tear bast",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "drzeć łyko",
"translation": "to tear bast",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
11
]
],
"english": "to tear out beehive combs from a hive, thereby destroying it",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "drzeć pczoły",
"translation": "to tear out beehive combs from a hive, thereby destroying it",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1897 [1399], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego, volume IV, number 2090, Łęczyca Land:",
"text": "Ne darl chmelu Pelcze ani yego laik szekl",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
50,
54
]
],
"ref": "1897 [1402], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego, volume IV, number 86, Łęczyca Land:",
"text": "O to sø mi ne dal lupicz w gego szapusce ani lika drze",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
24,
30
]
],
"ref": "1974 [1407], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty kaliskie, volume IV, number 181, Kalisz:",
"text": "Yako *Halsko ne kaszala drzecz pczol",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
42,
48
],
[
60,
65
]
],
"ref": "1959 [1421], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 1095, Poznań:",
"text": "Iaco cszo Potrko Kykowsky poszlal ctyrech drzecz chmel, ten darly na mey dzedzyne",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
18
],
[
28,
33
]
],
"ref": "1960 [1424], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty pyzdrskie, volume II, number 1007, Pyzdry:",
"text": "W yego dzele darth chmel y vdartho go yaco pyancz grziwen",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1950 [1443], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 717, Warsaw:",
"text": "Iacom ya Woyczechowem lesse ny darl chmyelyu y gruszk nye trząsl any drew rambyl sylą",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to tear, to rip"
],
"id": "en-drzeć-zlw-opl-verb-SQWD5xFy",
"links": [
[
"tear",
"tear"
],
[
"rip",
"rip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Masovia) to tear, to rip"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish hapax legomena",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 8 3 4 8 2 3 2 1 2 1 2 5 2 2 4 3 4 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 4 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Eastern Greater Poland Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 22 1 3 23 0 3 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 3 0 3 0 0 0 0 3 1 6 6 9 6 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 11 3 3 12 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 3 2 3 1 1 2 1 3 1 3 1 4 1 1 2 5 4 3 4 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Near Masovian Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 46 1 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 46 1 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 46 1 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 46 1 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 2 3 15 1 3 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 3 2 2 1 1 2 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 1 3 2 7 2 5 2 1",
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"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 18 2 5 16 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 1 4 2 8 2 5 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 18 1 3 19 0 4 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 2 0 5 1 5 1 1 1 1 4 2 9 2 7 2 1",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 14 2 4 14 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 3 2 2 1 1 2 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 1 4 2 7 2 5 2 1",
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"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 2 4 16 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 1 3 2 7 2 5 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 6 4 4 7 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 2 4 3 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 7 2 2 2 3 3 4 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Podhale Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 6 4 4 6 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 2 4 3 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 4 4 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Przemyśl Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 11 3 4 11 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 4 1 1 3 2 6 1 1 2 1 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 3 4 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Suwałki Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 10 3 3 11 1 4 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 3 2 3 1 1 2 1 3 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 4 4 4 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Western Kraków Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 2 3 16 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 4 3 4 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Western Lublin Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
154,
159
]
],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)^(transliteration, transcription), 19, 19:",
"text": "yaczyesm sluga twoy bich nalazl myloszcz przedtwym oblyczym Abi my dal my loszerdze twe Abi moyø dussø sbawyl bo znadz ynagorach syø nyevkryyø abi myø nyedarlo zle czlowyeczstwo isze bich tak vmarl",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to tear, to rip",
"as a mistranslation of Old Czech"
],
"id": "en-drzeć-zlw-opl-verb-n6iGQmfK",
"links": [
[
"tear",
"tear"
],
[
"rip",
"rip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Masovia) to tear, to rip",
"(hapax legomenon) as a mistranslation of Old Czech"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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40,
42
],
[
48,
51
]
],
"ref": "1876-1929 [1407], Vatroslav Jagić, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume XV, page 475:",
"text": "Et capias tibi simplex exemplum: Quando sø lika drø, tunc ea drzi",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
34,
40
]
],
"ref": "2010 [XV in.], Jan Łoś, editor, Dwa teksty staropolskie, Pułtusk, Płock:",
"roman": "Precz bieżał Urban gonić, wilka a drzeć łyka",
"text": "Piecz beszal Wrban gonycz wylka a drzecz lyka",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
34,
40
]
],
"ref": "1442, Wokabularz Raczyńskich, Biblioteki Raczyńskich w Poznaniu, sygn. 1360/I, page 117r:",
"text": "Glabere (pro glubere) vlg. [dzer] drzecz",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
47,
53
]
],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “II Par”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)^(transliteration, transcription), 29, 34:",
"text": "Ale kaplanow bilo malo any mogly dostatcz[i]cz drzecz kozi zdobitka o byetnego Przeto yvczeny bracya gich pomogly gym doiød syø sluszba nyedokonala adoiød syø bys kupowye nye poswyøcyly Bo vczeny snadnyeyszim rzødem poswyøczuyø syø nyszly kaplany",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
48,
54
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 815:",
"text": "Rzuczyvschy szye z vyelyką okrutnosczyą począly drzecz y ssyepacz odzyenye s nyego y zvlekly gy, aze stal nag",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"ref": "1885-2024 [XV p. post.], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume V, page 6:",
"text": "Dręcz glabere",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to strip, to rip off"
],
"id": "en-drzeć-zlw-opl-verb-ldPb8tNm",
"links": [
[
"strip",
"strip"
],
[
"rip off",
"rip off"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia) to strip, to rip off"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish hapax legomena",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
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{
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[
42,
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],
"ref": "1897 [1395], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego, volume III, number 3666, Łęczyca Land:",
"text": "Martinus iurabit, quod siluam Dyrslai non darl nec suis czeladzi mandauit",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to strip, to rip off",
"to strip bark or to clear a forest"
],
"id": "en-drzeć-zlw-opl-verb-Vtq-Z9Ay",
"links": [
[
"strip",
"strip"
],
[
"rip off",
"rip off"
],
[
"strip",
"strip"
],
[
"bark",
"bark"
],
[
"clear",
"clear"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia) to strip, to rip off",
"(attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, hapax legomenon) to strip bark or to clear a forest"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish hapax legomena",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 8 3 4 8 2 3 2 1 2 1 2 5 2 2 4 3 4 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 4 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Eastern Greater Poland Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 22 1 3 23 0 3 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 3 0 3 0 0 0 0 3 1 6 6 9 6 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 11 3 3 12 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 3 2 3 1 1 2 1 3 1 3 1 4 1 1 2 5 4 3 4 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Near Masovian Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 46 1 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 46 1 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 46 1 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 46 1 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 2 3 15 1 3 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 3 2 2 1 1 2 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 1 3 2 7 2 5 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 18 2 5 16 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 1 4 2 8 2 5 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 18 1 3 19 0 4 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 2 0 5 1 5 1 1 1 1 4 2 9 2 7 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 14 2 4 14 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 3 2 2 1 1 2 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 1 4 2 7 2 5 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 2 4 16 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 1 3 2 7 2 5 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 6 4 4 7 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 2 4 3 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 7 2 2 2 3 3 4 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Podhale Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 6 4 4 6 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 2 4 3 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 4 4 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Przemyśl Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 11 3 4 11 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 4 1 1 3 2 6 1 1 2 1 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 3 4 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Suwałki Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 10 3 3 11 1 4 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 3 2 3 1 1 2 1 3 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 4 4 4 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Western Kraków Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 2 3 16 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 4 3 4 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Western Lublin Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
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],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)^(transliteration, transcription), 13, 9:",
"text": "Otocz wszitka zemya przed tobø gest powsdal szø odemnye proszø czyebye poydzeszly ty nalewo ya poydø naprawo bødø przed szø drzecz apoydzesly ty naprawo a ya nalewo",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mistranslation of Old Czech; to go; to run"
],
"id": "en-drzeć-zlw-opl-verb-EEyXn72y",
"links": [
[
"go",
"go"
],
[
"run",
"run"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hapax legomenon) mistranslation of Old Czech; to go; to run"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dr̝ɛt͡ɕʲ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/dr̝ɛt͡ɕʲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "drzeć"
}
{
"categories": [
"Biecz Polish",
"Eastern Greater Poland Polish",
"Kuyavian Polish",
"Lasovia Polish",
"Middle Polish",
"Near Masovian Polish",
"Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Old Polish entries with etymon",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish imperfective verbs",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *der-",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Polish verbs",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Podhale Polish",
"Przemyśl Polish",
"Suwałki Polish",
"Western Kraków Polish",
"Western Lublin Polish"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "darty jedwab"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "krupy darte"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "odrzeć"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "podrzeć"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "przedrzeć"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "rozdrzeć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "rozdzierać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "udrzeć"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "wydrzeć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "wydzirać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "wzdzirać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "zedrzeć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "zdzirać"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "drzeć"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "drzeć"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*derH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/der-"
],
[
"*derˀtéi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/derˀtéi"
],
[
"*dertì",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/derti"
],
[
"*dertì",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/derti"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*dertì",
"etydate": "1394",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *derH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *derˀtéi\nProto-Slavic *dertì\nOld Polish drzeć\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*derˀtéi\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*dertì\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"drzeć\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"drzeć\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *dertì. First attested in 1394.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *derH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *derˀtéi\nProto-Slavic *dertì\nOld Polish drzeć\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *dertì. First attested in 1394.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "drzeć impf",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with collocations",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Old Polish transitive verbs",
"Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"english": "to tear hops",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "drzeć chmiel",
"translation": "to tear hops",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"english": "to tear bast",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "drzeć łyko",
"translation": "to tear bast",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
11
]
],
"english": "to tear out beehive combs from a hive, thereby destroying it",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "drzeć pczoły",
"translation": "to tear out beehive combs from a hive, thereby destroying it",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1897 [1399], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego, volume IV, number 2090, Łęczyca Land:",
"text": "Ne darl chmelu Pelcze ani yego laik szekl",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
50,
54
]
],
"ref": "1897 [1402], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego, volume IV, number 86, Łęczyca Land:",
"text": "O to sø mi ne dal lupicz w gego szapusce ani lika drze",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
24,
30
]
],
"ref": "1974 [1407], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty kaliskie, volume IV, number 181, Kalisz:",
"text": "Yako *Halsko ne kaszala drzecz pczol",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
42,
48
],
[
60,
65
]
],
"ref": "1959 [1421], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 1095, Poznań:",
"text": "Iaco cszo Potrko Kykowsky poszlal ctyrech drzecz chmel, ten darly na mey dzedzyne",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
18
],
[
28,
33
]
],
"ref": "1960 [1424], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty pyzdrskie, volume II, number 1007, Pyzdry:",
"text": "W yego dzele darth chmel y vdartho go yaco pyancz grziwen",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1950 [1443], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 717, Warsaw:",
"text": "Iacom ya Woyczechowem lesse ny darl chmyelyu y gruszk nye trząsl any drew rambyl sylą",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to tear, to rip"
],
"links": [
[
"tear",
"tear"
],
[
"rip",
"rip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Masovia) to tear, to rip"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish hapax legomena",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with collocations",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Old Polish transitive verbs",
"Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
154,
159
]
],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)^(transliteration, transcription), 19, 19:",
"text": "yaczyesm sluga twoy bich nalazl myloszcz przedtwym oblyczym Abi my dal my loszerdze twe Abi moyø dussø sbawyl bo znadz ynagorach syø nyevkryyø abi myø nyedarlo zle czlowyeczstwo isze bich tak vmarl",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to tear, to rip",
"as a mistranslation of Old Czech"
],
"links": [
[
"tear",
"tear"
],
[
"rip",
"rip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Masovia) to tear, to rip",
"(hapax legomenon) as a mistranslation of Old Czech"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
40,
42
],
[
48,
51
]
],
"ref": "1876-1929 [1407], Vatroslav Jagić, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume XV, page 475:",
"text": "Et capias tibi simplex exemplum: Quando sø lika drø, tunc ea drzi",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
34,
40
]
],
"ref": "2010 [XV in.], Jan Łoś, editor, Dwa teksty staropolskie, Pułtusk, Płock:",
"roman": "Precz bieżał Urban gonić, wilka a drzeć łyka",
"text": "Piecz beszal Wrban gonycz wylka a drzecz lyka",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
34,
40
]
],
"ref": "1442, Wokabularz Raczyńskich, Biblioteki Raczyńskich w Poznaniu, sygn. 1360/I, page 117r:",
"text": "Glabere (pro glubere) vlg. [dzer] drzecz",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
47,
53
]
],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “II Par”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)^(transliteration, transcription), 29, 34:",
"text": "Ale kaplanow bilo malo any mogly dostatcz[i]cz drzecz kozi zdobitka o byetnego Przeto yvczeny bracya gich pomogly gym doiød syø sluszba nyedokonala adoiød syø bys kupowye nye poswyøcyly Bo vczeny snadnyeyszim rzødem poswyøczuyø syø nyszly kaplany",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
48,
54
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 815:",
"text": "Rzuczyvschy szye z vyelyką okrutnosczyą począly drzecz y ssyepacz odzyenye s nyego y zvlekly gy, aze stal nag",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"ref": "1885-2024 [XV p. post.], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume V, page 6:",
"text": "Dręcz glabere",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to strip, to rip off"
],
"links": [
[
"strip",
"strip"
],
[
"rip off",
"rip off"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia) to strip, to rip off"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish hapax legomena",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
42,
46
]
],
"ref": "1897 [1395], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego, volume III, number 3666, Łęczyca Land:",
"text": "Martinus iurabit, quod siluam Dyrslai non darl nec suis czeladzi mandauit",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to strip, to rip off",
"to strip bark or to clear a forest"
],
"links": [
[
"strip",
"strip"
],
[
"rip off",
"rip off"
],
[
"strip",
"strip"
],
[
"bark",
"bark"
],
[
"clear",
"clear"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia) to strip, to rip off",
"(attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, hapax legomenon) to strip bark or to clear a forest"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish hapax legomena",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
124,
130
]
],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)^(transliteration, transcription), 13, 9:",
"text": "Otocz wszitka zemya przed tobø gest powsdal szø odemnye proszø czyebye poydzeszly ty nalewo ya poydø naprawo bødø przed szø drzecz apoydzesly ty naprawo a ya nalewo",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mistranslation of Old Czech; to go; to run"
],
"links": [
[
"go",
"go"
],
[
"run",
"run"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hapax legomenon) mistranslation of Old Czech; to go; to run"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dr̝ɛt͡ɕʲ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/dr̝ɛt͡ɕʲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "drzeć"
}
Download raw JSONL data for drzeć meaning in Old Polish (10.7kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: transitive, attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Masovia",
"path": [
"drzeć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "drzeć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: transitive, attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Masovia",
"path": [
"drzeć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "drzeć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: transitive, attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Masovia",
"path": [
"drzeć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "drzeć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: transitive, attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Masovia",
"path": [
"drzeć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "drzeć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"drzeć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "drzeć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"drzeć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "drzeć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"drzeć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "drzeć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"drzeć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "drzeć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"drzeć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "drzeć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"drzeć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "drzeć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"drzeć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "drzeć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"drzeć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "drzeć",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.